Bibliographies
Bibliography on the Doctrine of the Atonement

 

Complied by Charles Bellinger

This bibliography has five sections:

  1. Key biblical passages relating to atonement

  2. Historically important authors

  3. Systematic theologies

  4. 19th and 20th century books on atonement

  5. Recent articles on atonement

 

1. Key biblical passages relating to atonement

Exodus 29:36; a bullock as a sin offering

Leviticus 4, 9, 14, 16; directions for atonement offerings

Leviticus 16:20-22; the scapegoat sent into the wilderness

Isaiah 53; Suffering Servant passage

Jeremiah 31:31-34; "I will make a new covenant ... I will forgive their iniquity, and remember their sin no more."


Matthew 20:28; Mark 10:45; "to give his life a ransom for many."

Matthew 26:28; Mark 14:24; Luke 22:20; "this is my blood of the covenant which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins."

Mark 2:9; "Which is easier, to say to the paralytic, 'Your sins are forgiven,' or to say, 'Stand up and take your mat and walk'?"

Luke 7:47; "Her sins, which were many, have been forgiven; hence she has shown great love."

Luke 23:34; "Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do."

John 1:29; "Behold the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world."

John 6:51; "the bread that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh."

John 10:15; "I lay down my life for the sheep."

John 11:50; "it is better for you to have one man die for the people than to have the whole nation destroyed."

Romans 1:18; "The wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and wickedness."

Romans 3:21-26; "God put forward Jesus as a sacrifice of atonement."

Romans 4:25; Jesus "was handed over to death for our trespasses."

Romans 5:6-11; "while we were sinners Christ died for us."

Romans 8:31-32; "If God is for us, who is against us? He who did not withhold his own Son, but gave him up for all of us, will he not with him also give us everything else?"

I Cor. 6:20; "you were bought with a price."

II Cor. 5:18-21; "in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself ...
he made him who knew no sin to be sin for us."

Galatians 3:13; Christ became a curse for us

Ephesians 1:3-14; "In him we have redemption through his blood."

Ephesians 5:2; "Christ loved us and gave himself up for us, a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God."

Colossians 1:19-20; "making peace by the blood of his cross."

I Timothy 2:6; Christ gave himself as a ransom for all

Hebrews passim; interprets Christ's death as the end of the Jewish sacrificial system

I Peter 1:18-19; "you were ransomed ... with the precious blood of Christ."

I Peter 2:24; "He himself bore our sins on the cross."

I Peter 3:18; "Christ also suffered for sins once for all, the righteous for the unrighteous."

I John 1:7; "the blood of Jesus cleanses us from all sin."

I John 2:2; "he is the atoning sacrifice for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world."

I John 4:10; "In this is love, not that we loved God but that he loved us and sent his Son to be the atoning sacrifice for our sins."

Revelation 5:12; "Worthy is the Lamb that was slain to receive power and riches, wisdom and strength, honor and glory and blessing."

 

Suggestions for other passages to be added to this list should be sent to the reference librarians: reference@regent-college.edu 

2. Historically important authors

  1. Abelard, Peter. A Scholastic Miscellany: Anselm to Ockham. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1956.
    B 734 .S345 1956.

  2. Anselm of Canterbury. Basic Writings. LaSalle, Ill.: Open Court, 1974.
    B 765 .A83 P73 1974.

  3. Aquinas, Thomas. Summa Theologica, Vol. 4 [3rd Part, Q. 46-50]. Westminster: Christian Classics, 1948.
    BX 1749 .T5 1981.

  4. Athanasius. St. Athanasius on the Incarnation. Crestwood, N.Y.: St. Vladimir's Seminary Press, 1982.
    BT 220 .A753 1982.

  5. Augustine of Hippo. Faith, Hope, and Charity. New York: Newman Press.
    BR 60 .A35 v. 3 RREF.

  6. ———. The Trinity [Book IV, Ch. 13]. Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 1963.
    BR 60 .F3 C2 v. 45 .

  7. Calvin, John. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1989.
    BX 9420 .I65 1989.

  8. Gregory of Nyssa. Dogmatic Treatises, Etc. [Great Catechism]. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1976.
    BR 60 .S4 1890 v. 5.

  9. Irenaeus. Against the Heresies. New York: Paulist Press, 1946.
    BR 60 .A35 v.55 RREF.

  10. John Chrysostom. Commentary on Saint John the Apostle and Evangelist: Homilies 48-88 [Pp. 226-234]. Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 1959.
    BR 60 .F3 C2 v. 41 RREF.

  11. John of Damascus. Saint John of Damascus: Writings [The Orthodox Faith]. Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 1958.
    BR 60 .F3 C2 v. 37 RREF.

  12. Luther, Martin. A Commentary on St. Paul's Epistle to the Galatians. London: James Clarke, 1953.
    BS 2685.3 .L88 1953.

  13. Origen. On First Principles. Glouchester: P. Smith, 1973.
    BR 65 .O568 E5 1973.

  14. Owen, John. The Death of Death in the Death of Christ. London: Banner of Truth Trust, 1959.
    BT 480 .O84 1959.

  15. Tertullian. Tertullian: Disciplinary, Moral, and Ascetical Works [Flight in Time of Persecution]. Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 1959.
    BR 60 .F3 C2 v. 40 RREF.

  16. Turretini, Francois. Institutes of Elenctic Theology, II. Phillipsburg: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1994.
    BX 9421 .T7913 1992.

3. Systematic theologies

  1. Balthasar, Hans Urs von. Theo-Drama: Theological Dramatic Theory, V. 4. San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 1994.
    PN1647 .B3313 1994.

  2. Barth, Karl. Church Dogmatics, Vol. IV/1. Edinburgh: T.&T. Clark, 1936-1977.

  3. Berkhof, H. Christian Faith: an Introduction to the Study of the Faith. Grand Rapids, Mich: W.B. Eerdman's Pub. Co, 1986.
    BT75.2 .B4713 1986.

  4. Berkouwer, G. C. The Work of Christ. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1965.
    BT 202 .B413 1965.

  5. Bloesch, Donald G. Essentials of Evangelical Theology, Vol. 1. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1978.
    BT 75.2 .B464 1978.

  6. Braaten, Carl E, Robert W Jenson, and Gerhard O Forde. Christian Dogmatics, Vol. 2. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984.
    BT75.2 .C48 1984 .

  7. Demarest, Bruce A, and Gordon Russell Lewis. Integrative Theology, Vol. 2. Grand Rapids, Mich: Academie Books, 1987.
    BT75.2 .D37 1987 .

  8. Erickson, Millard J, and L. Arnold Hustad. Introducing Christian Doctrine. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Book House, 1992.
    BT75.2 .E76 1992 .

  9. Finger, Thomas N. Christian Theology: an Eschatological Approach, Vol. 1. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1985.
    BT75.2 .F55 1985 .

  10. Garrett, James Leo. Systematic Theology: Biblical, Historical, and Evangelical, Vol. 2. Grand Rapids, Mich: W.B. Eerdmans Pub. Co, 1990-1995.
    BT75.2 .G37 1990 .

  11. Grenz, Stanley. Theology for the Community of God. Nashville, Tenn: Broadman & Holman, 1994.
    BT75.2 .G74 1994 .

  12. Grudem, Wayne A. Systematic Theology: an Introduction to Biblical Doctrine. Grand Rapids, Mich: Zondervan Pub. House, 1994.
    BT75.2 .G78 1994 .

  13. Jenson, Robert W. Systematic Theology, Vol. 1. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
    BT75.2 .J45 1997 .

  14. McClendon, James William. Systematic Theology, Vol. 2: Doctrine. Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1994.
    BT75.2 .M392 1986 .

  15. Oden, Thomas. The Word of Life. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1989.
    BT 202 .O318 1989.

  16. Pannenberg, Wolfhart. Systematic Theology, Vol. 2. Grand Rapids, Mich: Eerdmans, 1991-1998.
    BT75.2 .P2613 1991 .

  17. Peters, Ted. God--the World's Future: Systematic Theology for a Postmodern Era. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1992.
    BT75.2 .P48 1992 .

  18. Reymond, Robert L. A New Systematic Theology of the Christian Faith. Nashville: T. Nelson, 1998.
    BT75.2 .R49 1998 .

  19. Schleiermacher, Friedrich. The Christian Faith, Vol. 2. New York: Harper & Row, 1963.
    BT75.S5 C52.

  20. Thielicke, Helmut. The Evangelical Faith, Vol. 2. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1974-1982.
    BT75.2 .T4513 .

  21. Tillich, Paul. Systematic Theology, Vol. 2. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1967.
    BT75 .T56 .

  22. Weber, Otto. Foundations of Dogmatics, II. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983.
    BT 75.2 .W413 1981.

4. 19th and 20th century books on atonement

  1. Aulιn, Gustaf. Christus Victor: an Historical Study of the Three Main Types of the Idea of Atonement. New York: Collier, 1986.
    BT263 .A913 1986 .

  2. Baillie, D. M. God Was in Christ: an Essay on Incarnation and Atonement. New York: Scribner, 1948.
    BT201 .B13 1948.

  3. Bellinger, William H., and William R. Farmer. Jesus and the Suffering Servant. Harrisburg: Trinity Press, 1998.
    BS 1520 .J47 1998.

  4. Berkouwer, G. C. The Triumph of Grace in the Theology of Karl Barth. Grand Rapids, Mich: W. B. Eerdmans, 1956.
    BT 764.2 .B47 1956.

  5. Brunner, Emil. The Mediator: a Study of the Central Doctrine of the Christian Faith. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1947.
    BT 255 .B78 1947.

  6. Bushnell, Horace. The Vicarious Sacrifice: Grounded in Principles Interpreted by Human Analogies. New York: Scribner's, 1907.
    BT 265 .B93 1907.

  7. Campbell, John McLeod. The Nature of the Atonement. Edinburgh. Grand Rapids, Mich: Handsel Press. Eerdmans, 1996.
    BT265 .C187 1996 .

  8. Clifford, Alan C. Atonement and Justification: English Evangelical Theology 1640-1790 : an Evaluation. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990.
    BT263 .C55 1990.

  9. Crawford, Thomas Jackson. The Doctrine of Holy Scripture Respecting the Atonement. Edinburgh: Blackwood, 1874.
    BT 265 .C73 1874.

  10. Dale, R. W. The Atonement. London: Congregational Union of England and Wales, 1909.
    BT265 .D34 1909.

  11. Denney, James. The Christian Doctrine of Reconciliation. London: James Clarke, 1959.
    BT 265 .D38 1959.

  12. ———. The Death of Christ. London: Tyndale Press, 1951.
    BT 450 .D45 1951.

  13. Dillistone, Frederick William. The Christian Understanding of Atonement. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1968.
    BT265.2 .D5 1968.

  14. Driver, John. Understanding the Atonement for the Mission of the Church. Scottdale, Pa: Herald Press, 1986.
    BT202 .D635 1986 .

  15. Fiddes, Paul S. Past Event and Present Salvation: the Christian Idea of Atonement. Louisville, KY: Westminster/J. Knox Press, 1989.
    BT 265.2 .F53 1989 .

  16. Forsyth, P. T. The Cruciality of the Cross. London: Independent Press, 1948.
    BT 265 .F7 1948.

  17. Forsyth, Peter Taylor. The Work of Christ. London: Collins, 1965.
    BT 265 .F73 1965.

  18. Franks, Robert S. The Work of Christ: a Historical Study of Christian Doctrine. London: Thomas Nelson, 1962.
    BT 202 .F73 1962.

  19. Goldingay, John. Atonement Today: a Symposium at St John's College, Nottingham. London: SPCK, 1995.
    BT265.2 .A88 1995 .

  20. Gorringe, Timothy. God's Just Vengeance: Crime, Violence, and the Rhetoric of Salvation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
    BT 263 .G67 1996.

  21. Green, Michael. The Empty Cross of Jesus. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1984.
    BT 265.2 .G74 1984.

  22. Grensted, L. W. A Short History of the Doctrine of the Atonement. Manchester. London. New York etc.: The University press. Longmans, Green & co, 1920.
    BT265 .G68 1920.

  23. Gunton, Colin E. The Actuality of Atonement: a Study of Metaphor, Rationality and the Christian Tradition. Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1988.
    BT265.2 .G86 1989.

  24. Hengel, Martin. The Atonement: the Origins of the Doctrine in the New Testament. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1981.
    BS2545.A8 H46 1981 .

  25. Heyer, C. J. den. Jesus and the Doctrine of the Atonement: Biblical Notes on a Controversial Topic. London: SCM Press, 1998.
    BS2545 .A8 H49 1998 .

  26. Hicks, F. C. N. The Fullness of Sacrifice: An Essay in Reconciliation. London: Macmillan, 1930.
    BT 265 .H52 1930.

  27. Hodge, Archibald Alexander. The Atonement. Philadelphia: Presbyterian Board of Publication, 1868.
    BT265 .H63 1868.

  28. Hunter, A. M. Interpreting Paul's Gospel. London: SCM Press, 1954.
    BS 2652 .H85 1954.

  29. Jinkins, Michael. A Comparative Study in the Theology of Atonement in Jonathan Edwards and John McLeod Campbell: Atonement and the Character of God. San Francisco: E. Mellen Press, 1993.
    BT265.2 .J55 1993 .

  30. Kόng, Hans. Justification: the Doctrine of Karl Barth and a Catholic Reflection. New York: Nelson, 1964.
    BT764.2 .K813 1964.

  31. Leivestad, Ragnar. Christ the Conqueror: Ideas of Conflict and Victory in the New Testament. London: SPCK, 1954.
    BS 2397 .L413 1954.

  32. Letham, Robert. The Work of Christ. Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1993.
    BT 250 .L47 1993.

  33. Lewis, C. S. The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe. Harmondsworth: Puffin, 1959.
    PZ 7 .L58 L5 1959.

  34. McDonald, H. D. The Atonement of the Death of Christ: in Faith, Revelation, and History. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Book House, 1985.
    BT263 .M34 1985 .

  35. ———. Forgiveness and Atonement. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Book House, 1984.
    BT 795 .M33 1984 .

  36. McDonald, H. D. Jesus: Human and Divine. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1968.
    BT 202 .M26 1968.

  37. McDonald, H. D. New Testament Concept of Atonement: the Gospel of the Calvary Event. Cambridge: Lutterworth Press, 1994.
    BT453 M385 1994.

  38. McGrath, Alasdair. Luther's Theology of the Cross: Martin Luther's Theological Breakthrough. Oxford: Blackwell, 1985.
    BR 333.5 .J8 M38 1985.

  39. McGrath, Alister E. Iustitia Dei: a History of the Christian Doctrine of Justification. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
    BT764.2 .M43 1986 .

  40. Moltmann, Jurgen. The Crucified God: the Cross of Christ As the Foundation and Criticism of Christian Theology. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.
    BT 202 .M5513 1974.

  41. Moore, Sebastian. The Crucified Jesus Is No Stranger. New York: Seabury Press, 1981.
    BT 265.2 .M667 1981.

  42. Morris, Leon. The Apostolic Preaching of the Cross. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1955.
    BS 2385 .M63 1955.

  43. ———. The Atonement, Its Meaning and Significance. Downers Grove, Ill., USA: Inter-Varsity Press, 1983.
    BT265.2 .M67 1983 .

  44. ———. The Cross in the New Testament. Exeter: Paternoster Press.
    BT 262 .M67.

  45. ———. Glory in the Cross: a Study in Atonement. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1966.
    BT265.2 .M58 1966.

  46. ———. The Lord From Heaven: A Study of the New Testament Teaching on the Deity and Humanity of Jesus Christ. London: InterVarsity Fellowship, 1958.
    BT 216 .M67 1958.

  47. Morris, Leon, and Robert J Banks. Reconciliation and Hope: New Testament Essays on Atonement and Eschatology Presented to L. L. Morris on His 60th Birthday. Exeter: Paternoster Press, 1974.
    BS 2395 .R4 1974 .

  48. Moses, John. The Sacrifice of God: a Holistic Theory of Atonement. Norwich: Canterbury Press, 1992.
    BT 265.2 .M67 1992.

  49. Murray, John. The Atonement. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing, 1963.
    BT 263 .M87 1962.

  50. Noll, Mark A. Adding Cross to Crown: The Political Significance of Christ's Passion. Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1996.
    BR 115 .P7 N595 1996.

  51. Packer, James I. Celebrating the Saving Work of God. Carlisle: Paternoster Press, 1998.

  52. Padgett, Alan G., ed. Reason and the Christian Religion: Essays in Honour of Richard Swinburne. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
    BT 40 .R42 1994.

  53. Paul, Robert S. The Atonement and the Sacraments: the Relation of the Atonement to the Sacraments of Baptism and the Lord's Supper. New York: Abingdon Press, 1960.
    BT263 .P3 1960.

  54. Peterson, Robert A. Calvin's Doctrine of the Atonement. Phillipsburg, N.J: Presbyterian and Reformed Pub. Co, 1983.
    BT263 P47 1983.

  55. Pink, Arthur W. The Atonement. Swengel, Pa.: Reiner Publications, 1969.
    BT 265.2 .P56 1969.

  56. Rashdall, Hastings. The Idea of Atonement in Christian Theology. London: Macmillan, 1919.
    BR 45 .B3 1919.

  57. Ray, Darby Kathleen. Deceiving the Devil: Atonement, Abuse, and Ransom. Cleveland, Ohio: Pilgrim Press, 1998.
    BT265.2 .R38 1998 .

  58. Ritschl, Albrecht. The Christian Doctrine of Justification and Reconciliation: the Positive Development of the Doctrine. Clifton, N.J: Reference Book Publishers, 1966.
    BT764 .R513 1966.

  59. Schwager, Raymund. Must There Be Scapegoats?: Violence and Redemption in the Bible. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1987.
    BT 202 .S375513 1987.

  60. Shannon, William H. Anselm: the Joy of Faith. New York: Crossroad, 1999.
    BX 4700 .A58 S57 1999.

  61. Simon, Ulrich E. Atonement: From Holocaust to Paradise. Cambridge England: J. Clarke, 1987.
    BT265.2 .S55 1987 .

  62. Sloyan, Gerard S. The Crucifixion of Jesus: History, Myth, Faith. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1995.
    BT 453 .S635 1995.

  63. Smeaton, George. The Apostles' Doctrine of the Atonement. Banner of Truth Trust: Edinburgh, 1991.
    BT 265 .S57 1957.

  64. Soelle, Dorothee. Christ the Representative: An Essay in Theology After the Death of God. London: SCM, 1967.
    BT 254 .S613 1967.

  65. Solberg, Mary M. Compelling Knowledge: A Feminist Proposal for an Epistemology of the Cross. Albany: SUNY Press, 1997.
    BJ 1278 .F45 S64 1997.

  66. Stibbs, Alan Marshall. The Meaning of the Word "Blood" in Scripture. London: Tyndale Press, 1947.
    BS 680 .B4 S85 1947.

  67. Stott, John R. W. The Cross of Christ. Downers Grove, Ill: InterVarsity Press, 1986.
    BT453 .S675 1986 .

  68. Stuhlmacher, Peter. Reconciliation, Law, & Righteousness: Essays in Biblical Theology. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1986.
    BS 2397 .S8813 1986.

  69. Swinburne, Richard. Responsibility and Atonement. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989.
    BJ 1451 .S9 1989.

  70. Sykes, Stephen. The Story of Atonement. London: Darton, Longman + Todd, 1997.
    BT 265.2 .S95 1997.

  71. Taylor, Vincent. The Atonement in New Testament Teaching. 3rd ed. London: Epworth, 1958.
    BS 2545 .A8 T24 1963.

  72. ———. Forgiveness and Reconciliation: A Study in New Testament Theology. London: Macmillan, 1952.
    BT 795 .T39 1952.

  73. ———. Jesus and His Sacrifice: A Study of the Passion Sayings in the Gospels. London: Macmillan, 1937.
    BT 430 .T24 1937.

  74. ———. The Names of Jesus. London: Macmillan, 1959.
    BT 590 .N2 T3 1959.

  75. ———. The Person of Christ in New Testament Teaching. London: Macmillan, 1958.
    BT 212 .T39 1963.

  76. Thomas, G. Michael. The Extent of Atonement: a Dilemma for Reformed Theology From Calvin to the Consensus (1536-1675). Carlisle: Paternoster, 1997.
    BT 263 .T47 1997.

  77. Torrance, Thomas F. The Mediation of Christ. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1983.
    BT 255 .T67 1984.

  78. Tull, James E. The Atoning Gospel. Macon: Mercer University Press, 1982.
    BT 265.2 .T84 1982.

  79. Van Dyk, Leanne. The Desire of Divine Love: John McLeod Campbell's Doctrine of the Atonement, vol. 4. New York: P. Lang, 1995.
    BT265.2 .V36 1995 .

  80. Ward, Ronald A. The Pattern of Our Salvation: A Study of New Testament Unity. Waco: Word Books, 1978.
    BS 2617.8 .W37 1978.

  81. Warfield, Benjamin Breckenridge. The Person and Work of Christ. Philadelphia: Presbyterian and Reformed, 1950.
    BT 201 .W26 1950.

  82. Weaver, J. Denny. Keeping Salvation Ethical: Mennonite and Amish Atonement Theology in the Late Nineteenth Century, no. 35. Scottdale, Pa: Herald Press, 1997.
    BT263 .W43 1997 .

  83. Whale, J. S. Victor and Victim: The Christian Doctrine of Redemption. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1960.
    BT 775 .W53 1960.

  84. White, Vernon. Atonement and Incarnation: an Essay in Universalism and Particularity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
    BT202 .W49 1991.

  85. Whiteley, D. E. H. The Theology of St. Paul. Oxford: Blackwell, 1970.
    BS 2651 .W47 1970.

  86. Winter, Michael M. The Atonement. London: G. Chapman, 1995.
    BT265.2 .W57 1995 .

  87. Wright, N. T. The Crown and the Fire. London: S.P.C.K., 1992.
    BT 453 .W74 1992.

5. Recent articles on atonement

  1. Abe, Gabriel Oyedele. " Redemption, Reconciliation, Propitiation: Salvation Terms in an African Milieu." Journal of Theology for Southern Africa 95 (1996): 3-12.

  2. Daly, Robert J. " Is Christianity Sacrificial or Antisacrificial?" Religion [at UBC, Not Regent] 27 (1997): 231-43.

  3. Finger, Thomas. "Christus Victor and the Creeds: Some Historical Considerations." Mennonite Quarterly Review 72 (1998): 31-51.

  4. Hicks, John Mark. "What Did Christ Accomplish on the Cross? Atonement in Campbell, Stone, and Scott." Lexington Theological Quarterly 30 (1995): 145-70.

  5. Hunsinger, George. "The Politics of the Nonviolent God: Reflections on Renι Girard and Karl Barth." Scottish Journal of Theology 51 (1998): 61-85.

  6. Jinkins, Michael and Reid Stephen Breck. " John McLeod Campbell on Christ's Cry of Dereliction: A Case Study in Trinitarian Hermeneutics." Evangelical Quarterly 70 (1998): 135-49.

  7. Lindbeck, George A. "Atonement and the Hermeneutics of Social Embodiment." Pro Ecclesia 5 (1996): 144-60.

  8. Marshall, Chris. "The Atonement As a Work of Justice." Stimulus 5 (1997): 2-7.

  9. Nicole, Roger R. "Covenant, Universal Call and Definite Atonement." Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 38 (1995): 403-11.

  10. Packer, James I. "What Did the Cross Achieve?: the Logic of Penal Substitution." Tyndale Bulletin 25 (1974): 3-45.

  11. Ray, Inna Jane and Kirk-Duggan Cheryl A ed. "The Atonement Muddle: An Historical Analysis and Clarification." Journal of Women and Religion 15 (1997): 1-136.

  12. Reesor, Rachel. "Atonement: Mystery and Metaphorical Language." Mennonite Quarterly Review 68 (1994): 209-18.

  13. Schertz, Mary H. "God's Cross and Women's Questions: A Biblical Perspective on the Atonement." Mennonite Quarterly Review 68 (1994): 194-208.

  14. Sugden, Christopher. "Christ As Saviour From Sin and Death and As Liberator From Socio-Economic and Political Oppression ." Evangelical Review of Theology 18 (1994): 128-36.

  15. Ubruhe, J. O. "Traditional Sacrifice: A Key to the Heart of the Christian Mess." Journal of Theology for Southern Africa 95 (1996): 13-22.

Any suggestions for this page should be sent to Joan Pries, reference@regent-college.edu.

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